The extent of absorption of cetirizine is not reduced with food, although the rate of absorption is decreased. The extent of bioavailability is similar when cetirizine is given as solutions, capsules or tablets.

Patients on hemodialysis (creatinine clearance less than 7 ml/min) given a single oral 10 mg dose of cetirizine had a 3-fold increase in half-life and a 70 % decrease in clearance compared to normals. Cetirizine was poorly cleared by haemodialysis. Dosing adjustment is necessary in patients with moderate or severe renal impairment. Cetirizine is classed as a non-drowsy antihistamine, but some people still find it makes them feel quite sleepy. Hepatic impairment: Patients with chronic liver diseases (hepatocellular, cholestatic, and biliary cirrhosis) given 10 or 20 mg of cetirizine as a single dose had a 50 % increase in half-life along with a 40 % decrease in clearance compared to healthy subjects.After discontinuation of cetirizine, pruritus (intense itching) and/or urticaria have been reported.

Children aged 12 and over can take cetirizine capsules, tablets and liquid that you buy from pharmacies and supermarkets. If you have kidney problems you should talk to your doctor or pharmacist for advice beforetaking these tablets as a lower dose may berequired. You could also try a decongestant nasal spray. These tend to be cheaper than steroid sprays, but they're only designed for temporary use. Instead of reducing inflammation, they work best to relieve congestion. Clinical studies have shown that cetirizine at the recommended dosage has minor undesirable effects on the CNS, including somnolence, fatigue, dizziness and headache. In some cases, paradoxical CNS stimulation has been reported.

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If you are pregnant or likely to becomepregnant, ask your doctor or pharmacist foradvice before taking any medicine. how long to take it for – some types can be used for a long time, but some are only recommended for a few days

You may only need to take Cetirizine on a day you have symptoms - for example, if you have been exposed to a trigger like animal hair.

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antihistamines that make you feel sleepy – such as chlorphenamine (Piriton), cinnarizine, diphenhydramine, hydroxyzine and promethazine Non-drowsy antihistamines are generally thought to be the best option as they're less likely to make you feel sleepy. However, types that do make you feel drowsy may be better for you if your symptoms are keeping you awake at night.